MB

Thyroid cancer is considered the most common endocrine malignancy, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being the most predominant form, accounting for 85% of all diagnoses. Due to the diagnostic dilemma that can commonly occur in these neoplasms, artificial intelligence (AI) technology has been attempted to assist the diagnosis of these cancers. ...

Several epigenetic mechanisms of oncogenesis such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation are now known to play a key role in developing cancers. So far, these molecolar events have rarely been evaluated in thyroid neoplasms. The aim of this study was to estimate the histone acetylation level in benign and malignant thyroid lesions and compare it to the normal counterpart....

Lutein is a carotenoid found in the lens of the human eyes. Its functions are to protect the eyes by filtering a hazard blue light and to prevent vision loss due to cataract formation. Lutein could not be synthesised in the body and must be taken from the diet, however, lutein is isolated from a marigold flower....

To evaluate the usefulness of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression of reactive myofibroblastic cells within desmoplastic reaction tissue for distinction between invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH)....

Lymphoma involving the hypothalamus is very rare. We present a case of a 48-year-old man with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) presenting with hypothalamic and pituitary stalk lesions with frontal masses, causing diabetes insipidus and panhypopituitarism. Brain MRI with gadolinium enhancement demonstrated vivid enhancing hypothalamic and...

Focal liver lesions can be solitary or multiple, solid or cystic, congenital or acquired, and range from cysts, hamartomas, hyperplastic nodules and inflammatory entities to tumors and tumor-like lesions. The background liver may be normal or diseased. An algorithmic approach based on pattern recognition and cell profiling is outlined for the ...